A QTL linkage map of safflower for yield under drought stress at reproductive stage

Authors

1 Graduated Student of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O.Box: 76169-133 Kerman, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Plant Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156 83111 Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

 
This study reports QTL mapping for seed yield and its components in safflower genome under drought stress. The F3 families derived from the cross Mex.22-191 (tolerant) × IL.111 (sensitive) were evaluated for agronomic traits in safflower. Drought tolerance was evaluated during 10% of the flowering stage. To identify QTLs underlying tolerance to drought, mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) was carried out by composite interval mapping function. A genetic linkage map (LG) assembled from SSR and ISSR markers, was mapped. A total of 145 DNA bands (SSR and ISSR markers) coalesced into 24 LGs which summed to 646 cM in the total map length. This analysis resulted in the identification of 18 QTLs related to seed yield and its components. Based on findings in this study, four major QTLs and three linkage groups (2, 4 and 6) played a crucial role in drought tolerance of safflower. The present linkage map may give a useful framework for mapping agronomic traits in safflower and the framework maps of C. tinctorius can serve as a foundation for future map integration, comparative genomics, QTL analysis and marker assisted breeding for drought tolerance.
 

Keywords

References

Abdi N., Darvishzadeh R., Jafari M., Pirzad A., and Haddadi P. (2012). Genetic analysis and QTL mapping of agro-morphological traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under two contrasting water treatment conditions. Plant Omics Journal, 5: 149–15.
Bartels D., and Sunkar R. (2005). Drought and salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 24: 23–58.
Bassil E. S., and Kaffka S. R. (2002a). Response of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to saline soils and irrigation I. Consumptive water use. Agricultural Water Management, 54: 67–80.
Camas N., and Esendal E. (2006). Estimation of broad-sense heritability for seed yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Hereditas, 143. 55–57.
Chpman M. A., and Buurke J. M. (2007). DNA sequence diversity and the origin of cultivated safflower (Crthamus tinctorius L. Asteraceae). BMC plant Biology, 7: 60.
Collard B. C. Y., Jahufer M. Z. Z., Brouwer J. B., and Pang E. C. K. (2005). An introduction to markers, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and marker-assisted selection for crop improvement. The basic concepts. Euphytica, 142: 169–196.
Dajue L., and Mundel H. (1996). Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.); IPGRI. Rome, Italy, p. 83.
Doyle J. J., and Doyle J. L. (1987). A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin, 19: 11–15
Ebrahimi A., Maury P., Berger M., Calmon A., Grieu P., and Sarrafi A. (2009). QTL mapping of protein content and seed characteristics under water-stress conditions in sunflower. Genome, 52: 419–430.
Falconer D. S., and Mackay T. F. C. (1996). Introduction to quantitative genetics. Longman, Harlow, U.K.
Golkar P., Arzani A., and Rezaei A. M. (2011). Genetic variation in safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) for seed quality-related traits and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Int J Mol Sci, 12. 2664–2677. doi.10.3390/ijms12042664.
Golkar P., Arzani A., and Rezaie A. M. (2012). Genetic analysis of agronomic traits in safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici, 40: 276–281.
Hamdan Y.A.S., Velasco L., and Perez-Vich B. (2008). Development of SCAR markers linked to male sterility and very high linoleic acid content in safflower. Molecular Breeding, 22: 385–393.
Hamdan Y. A. S., Garcia-Moreno M. J., Fernandez-Martinez J. M., Velasco L., and Perez-Vich B. (2012). Mapping of major and modifying genes for high oleic acid content in safflower. Molecular Breeding, 30: 1279–1293.
Kearsey M. J., and Pooni H. S. (1996). The genetical analysis of quantitative Traits.
Kirigwi F. M., Ginkel M. V., Brown-Guedira G., Gill B. S., Paulsen G. M., and Fritz A. K. (2007). Markers linked to male sterility and very high linoleic acid content in safflower. Molecular Breeding, 22: 385–393.
Kotecha A., and Zimmerman L. H. (1978). Genetics of seed dormancy and its association with other traits in safflower. Crop Science, 18: 1003–1007.
 Liqing Ma., Zhou E., Hou N., Zhou R., Wang G., and Jia J. (2007). Genetic analysis of salt tolerance in a recombinant inbred population of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica, 153: 109–117.
Marita T., and Muldoon D. (1995). Effect of irrigation schedules and new spacing on the yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Oil grain Research, 7: 307–308.
Manly K. F., and Olson J. M. (1999). Overview of QTL mapping software and introduction to map manager QT.Mamm. Genome, 10: 327–334.
Mayerhofer R., Archibald C., Bowles V., and Good A. G. (2010). Development of molecular markers and linkage maps for the Carthamus species. C.tinctorius and C. oxycanthus. Genome, 53: 266–276.
McCouch S. R. (2008). CGSNL (Committee on Gene Symbolization, Nomenclature, Linkage, Rice Genetics Cooperative) Gene nomenclature system for rice. Rice, 1: 72–84.
Pandey R.K., Maranville J.W., and Admou A. (2001). Tropical wheat response to irrigation and nitrogen in a Sahelian environment. I. Grain yield, yield components and water use efficiency. European Journal of Agronomy, 15: 93–105.
Parry M. A. J., Flexas J., and Medrano H. (2005). Prospects for crop production under drought. Research priorities and future directions. Annals of Applied Biology, 147: 211–226.
Pearl S. A., Bowers J. E., Chin-Wo S. R., Michelmore R. W., and Burke J. M. (2014). Genetic analysis of safflower domestication. BMC Plant Biology, 14: 43.
Quiroga A. R., Dı´az-Zorita M., and Buschiazzo D. E. (2001). Safflower productivity as related to soil water storage and management practices in semiarid regions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 32: 2851–2862.
Saeed M., Guo W., Ullah I., Tabbasam N., Zafar Y., Rahman M., and Zhang T. (2011). QTL mapping for physiology, yield and plant architecture traits in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown under well-watered versus water-stress conditions. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 14: 1–13.
Saini H. S., and Westgate M. E. (2000). Reproductive development in grain crops during drought. Advances in Agronomy, 68: 59–96.
SAS Institute. (2004). Base SAS 9.1 procedures guide. Cary (NC). SAS Institute Inc. 36.
Schon C. L., Melchinger A. E., Guthrie W. D., and Woodman W. L. (1993). Mapping and characterization of quantitative trait loci affecting resistance against-second generation European corn borer in maize with the aid of RFLPs. Heredity, 70: 646–659.
Singh R. J. (2007) Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering and Crop Improvement; CRC Press Inc. Boca Raton, FA, USA, p. 320.
Zareie S., Mohammadi-Nejad G., and Sardouie-Nasab S. (2013). Screening of Iranian safflower genotypes under water deficit and normal conditions using tolerance indices. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7: 1032–1037.
Zhang L., Xu X., Zhao Ch., Shan F., Yuan S., and Sun H. (2011). QTL Analysis of plant height in photoperiod-thermo sensitive male sterile wheat. Mole Plant Breeding, 2(13). 92–97
Wang S., Basten C.J., and Zeng Z.B. (2010). Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA (Available from http.//statgen.ncsu.edu/qticart/WQTLCart.htm).
Wang Z.F., Cheng J.P., Chen Z.W., Huang J., Bao Y.M., Wang J.F., and Zhang H.S. (2012). Identification of QTLs with main, epistatic and QTL×environmental interaction effects for salt tolerance in rice seedlings under different salinity conditions. Theor Appl Genet, 125. 807–815.
Wang H., Guiling C.H., Huawen Z., Liu B., Yang Y., Qin L., and Guan Y. (2013). Identification of QTLs for salt tolerance at germination and seedling stage of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench. Euphytica, DOI 10.1007/S10681–013–1019–7.
Iranian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Volume 4, Issue 2 - Serial Number 8
October 2015
Pages 20-27

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 11 July 2016
  • Accept Date: 11 July 2016

Share

How to cite

Statistics