Effect of drought stress on some morphological and physiological traits in Aegilops tauschii genotypes

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Department of Biotechnology, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.

2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P. O. Box: 41996-13776, Rasht, Iran.

3 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

4 Department of Biological Control Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Eduction and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Aegilops tauschii is one of the ancestors of bread wheat and is the main source of genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The present research was performed as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design to determine the effect of drought stress on some morphological traits in 23 A. tauschii genotypes. Some important morphological and physiological traits were evaluated in the greenhouse conditions. The results showed that root length, the number of leaves and tillers, chlorophyll content, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight, percentage of yellow and rolled leaves at seedling stage and shoot and root dry weight, flag leaf, peduncle and spike length and the number of spikes at maturity stage increased in drought stress. Instead, RWC and shoot length were reduced at the seedling stage in the drought stress condition. In the seedling stage, the highest values obtained for root length, number of leaves, root fresh and dry weight, percentage of yellow and rolled leaves were 44.67 cm, 24.00, 3.35 g/plant, 0.40 g/plant, 50% and 80.79% under drought condition, respectively. In the maturity stage, the highest values obtained for shoot and root dry weights were 26.58 and 41.77 g/plant obtained in genotypes KC-55 and KC-2122 under drought condition. The highest values for flag leaf length, peduncle length, spike length and the number of spike were 12.30 cm, 15.65 cm, 9.08 cm and 30 observed in genotypes KC-2123, KC-2225, KC-2115 and KC-621 at control, respectively. Based on the ward’s cluster analysis, A. tauschii genotypes were divided into four different groups. The results of this study showed genotypes KC-621, KC-1772 and KC-2225 were tolerant to drought stress and therefore, they are recommended for use in wheat breeding programs.

Keywords

References

Abbas A., Yu H., Cui H., and Li X. (2019). Effect of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence, and biomass portioning of Aegilops tauschii l. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(1): 1071–1082.
Ahmadi J., Pour-Aboughadareh A., Ourang S. F., Mehrabi A. A., and Siddique K. H. M. (2018). Wild relatives of wheat: Aegilops–Triticum accessions disclose differential antioxidative and physiological responses to water stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,40(5): 90.
Arabbeigi M., Arzani A., Majidi M. M., Kiani R., Sayed Tabatabaei B. E., and Habibi F. (2014). Salinity tolerance of Aegilops cylindrica genotypes collected from hyper-saline shores of Uremia Salt Lake using physiological traits and SSR markers. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36(8): 2243–2251.
Du Y., Zhao Q., Chen L., Yao X., Zhang W., Zhang B., and Xie F. (2020). Effect of drought stress on sugar metabolism in leaves and roots of soybean seedlings. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 146: 1–12.
Etminan A., Pour-Aboughadareh A., Mohammadi R., Shooshtari L., Yousefiazarkhanian M., and Moradkhani H. (2019). Determining the best drought tolerance indices using artificial neural network (ANN): Insight into application of intelligent agriculture in agronomy and plant breeding. Cereal Research Communications, 47(1): 170–181.
Gaju O., Reynolds M. P., Sparkes D. L., and Foulkes M. J. (2009). Relationships between large-spike phenotype, grain number, and yield potential in spring wheat. Crop Science, 49(3): 961–973.
Gálvez S., Mérida-García R., Camino C., Borrill P., Abrouk M., Ramírez-González R. H., Biyiklioglu S., Amil-Ruiz F., Dorado G., Budak H., Gonzalez-Dugo V., Zarco-Tejada P. J., Appels R., Uauy C., Hernandez P., and The I. (2019). Hotspots in the genomic architecture of field drought responses in wheat as breeding targets. Functional & Integrative Genomics, 19(2): 295–309.
Hairat S., and Khurana P. (2015). Evaluation of Aegilops tauschii and Aegilops speltoides for acquired thermotolerance: Implications in wheat breeding programmes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 95: 65–74.
Johari-Pireivatlou M. (2010). Effect of soil water stress on yield and proline content of four wheat lines. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(1): 036–040.
Khakwani A. A., Dennett M., and Munir M. (2011). Drought tolerance screening of wheat varieties by inducing water stress conditions. Songklanakarin Journal of Science & Technology, 33(2): 135–142.
Khakwani A. A., Dennett M., Munir M., and Abid M. (2012). Growth and yield response of wheat varieties to water stress at booting and anthesis stages of development. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(3): 879–886.
Liu H., Searle I. R., Mather D. E., Able A. J., and Able J. A. (2015). Morphological, physiological and yield responses of durum wheat to pre-anthesis water-deficit stress are genotype-dependent. Crop and Pasture Science, 66(10): 1024–1038.
Liu Y., Zhang P., Li M., Chang L., Cheng H., Chai S., and Yang D. (2020). Dynamic responses of accumulation and remobilization of water soluble carbohydrates in wheat stem to drought stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 155: 262–270.
Matsuoka Y., Takumi S., and Kawahara T. (2008). Flowering time diversification and dispersal in central Eurasian wild wheat Aegilops tauschii Coss.: genealogical and ecological framework. PLoS One, 3(9): e3138
Mizuno N., Yamasaki M., Matsuoka Y., Kawahara T., and Takumi S. (2010). Population structure of wild wheat D-genome progenitor Aegilops tauschii Coss.: implications for intraspecific lineage diversification and evolution of common wheat. Molecular Ecology, 19(5): 999–1013.
Naderi S., Fakheri B.-A., Maali-Amiri R., and Mahdinezhad N. (2020). Tolerance responses in wheat landrace Bolani are related to enhanced metabolic adjustments under drought stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 150: 244–253.
Ohashi Y., Nakayama N., Saneoka H., and Fujita K. (2006). Effects of drought stress on photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and stem diameter of soybean plants. Biologia Plantarum, 50(1): 138–141.
Porcel R., and Ruiz-Lozano J. M. (2004). Arbuscular mycorrhizal influence on leaf water potential, solute accumulation, and oxidative stress in soybean plants subjected to drought stress. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55(403): 1743–1750.
Pour-Aboughadareh A., Mohammadi R., Etminan A., Shooshtari L., Maleki-Tabrizi N., and Poczai P. (2020). Effects of drought stress on some agronomic and morpho-physiological traits in durum wheat genotypes. Sustainability, 12(14): 5610.
Qaseem M. F., Qureshi R., and Shaheen H. (2019). Effects of pre-anthesis drought, heat and their combination on the growth, yield and physiology of diverse wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) genotypes varying in sensitivity to heat and drought stress. Scientific Reports, 9(1): 6955.
Valliyodan B., and Nguyen H. T. (2006). Understanding regulatory networks and engineering for enhanced drought tolerance in plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 9(2): 189–195.
Wang J., Luo M.-C., Chen Z., You F. M., Wei Y., Zheng Y., and Dvorak J. (2013). Aegilops tauschii single nucleotide polymorphisms shed light on the origins of wheat D-genome genetic diversity and pinpoint the geographic origin of hexaploid wheat. New Phytologist, 198(3): 925–937.
Wang J. Y., Turner N. C., Liu Y. X., Siddique K. H. M., and Xiong Y. C. (2017). Effects of drought stress on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat species differing in ploidy level. Functional Plant Biology, 44(2): 219–234.
Xu W., Cui K., Xu A., Nie L., Huang J., and Peng S. (2015). Drought stress condition increases root to shoot ratio via alteration of carbohydrate partitioning and enzymatic activity in rice seedlings. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(2): 9.
Zhang D., Zhou Y., Zhao X., Lv L., Zhang C., Li J., Sun G., Li S., and Song C. (2018). Development and utilization of introgression lines using synthetic octaploid wheat (Aegilops tauschii×hexaploid wheat) as donor. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 1113.
Zhao X., Bai S., Li L., Han X., Li J., Zhu Y., Fang Y., Zhang D., and Li S. (2020). Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Aegilops tauschii with contrasting drought tolerance by RNA-seq. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(10): 3595.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 November 2020
  • Revise Date: 21 August 2021
  • Accept Date: 19 September 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics