تاثیر نیتروژن کل و نسبت آمونیوم به نیترات بر رشد زیست توده و تولید متابولیت های ثانویه در کشت سلولی مریم گلی مزرعه ای

نوع مقاله : Research Paper

نویسندگان

گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران، کد پستی: 56199-11367.

چکیده

مریم گلی مزرعه ای یکی از مهم ترین گیاهان بومی در ایران می باشد که به عنوان یک منبع غنی ترکیبات فنولی و فلاوونوئیدی شناخته می شود. پژوهش حاضر به منظور بهینه سازی محیط کشت برای رشد زیست توده و تولید متابولیت های ثانویه در کشت سوسپانسیون سلولی مریم گلی مزرعه ای انجام گرفت. در این پژوهش اثر غلظت نیتروژن کل (0، 15، 30، 60، 90 و 120 میلی مولار) نیتروژن کل و نسبت های مختلف آمونیوم به نیترات ( 0:60، 10:50، 20:40، 30:30، 40:20، 50:10 و 60:0 میلی مولار) در محیط کشت MS بر شاخص های رشد زیست توده، فنول کل، فلاونوئید کل و محتوای رزمارینیک اسید بررسی شد. بیشترین میزان وزن تر (80/294 گرم بر لیتر) و فنول کل (GAE/g DW 60/76) در محیط حاوی 90 میلی مولار نیتروژن به دست آمد. بالاترین میزان رزمارینیک اسید (41/16 و 16/16 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) در محیط های حاوی 30 و 60 میلی مولار نیتروژن ثبت شد. افزایش نیتروژن کل به میزان بالاتر از 30 میلی مولار، منجر به کاهش تولید رزمارینیک اسید شد. همچنین نسبت آمونیوم به نیترات رشد زیست توده و تجمع متابولیت های ثانویه را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. بیشترین میزان وزن تر (74/267 گرم بر لیتر)، فنول کل (GAE/g DW 30/87) و محتوای رزمارینیک اسید (43/18 میلی گرم بر لیتر) در محیط حاوی نسبت 50:10 آمونیوم به نیترات مشاهده گردید. افزایش غلظت آمونیوم یا حذف کامل آن از محیط کشت سبب کاهش میزان فنول کل و رزمارینیک اسید در کشت سلولی مریم گلی مزرعه ای می شود.

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